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Acknowledgements
Exam terminology
UNIT 3 MOVEMENT SKILLS AND ENERGY FOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SPORT AND EXERCISE
UNIT 3 AREA OF STUDY 1 HOW ARE MOVEMENT SKILLS IMPROVED?
1 Movement skills 2
1.1 Overview
1.2 Classification of movement skills
1.3 The link between motor skill development, participation and performance
1.4 Key skills
1.5 Review
2 Coaching to enhance participation and performance 25
2.1 Overview
2.2 Stages of learning
2.3 Sociocultural influences on skill development
2.4 The direct approach to coaching
2.5 The constraint-based approach to coaching
2.6 Key skills
2.7 Review
3 Practice, feedback and psychological skills 64
3.1 Overview
3.2 Types of practice
3.3 Practice distribution
3.4 Practice variability
3.5 Types of feedback
3.6 Feedback frequency
3.7 Psychological skills for enhanced performance
3.8 Key skills
3.9 Review
4 Biomechanical principles 120
4.1 Overview
4.2 Linear and angular concepts of human movement
4.3 Newton’s laws of motion
4.4 Levers
4.5 Projectile motion
4.6 Equilibrium and stability
4.7 Qualitative analysis of movement skills
4.8 Key skills
4.9 Review
UNIT 3 AREA OF STUDY 1 REVIEW 183
Extended response — build your exam skills
Practice examination
Practice school-assessed coursework
UNIT 3 AREA OF STUDY 2 HOW DOES THE BODY PRODUCE ENERGY?
5 Acute physiological responses to exercise 190
5.1 Overview
5.2 Oxygen uptake at rest, during physical activity and during recovery
5.3 Acute responses of the cardiovascular system
5.4 Acute responses of the respiratory system
5.5 Acute responses of the muscular system
5.6 Key skills
5.7 Review
6 The interplay of energy systems 227
6.1 Overview
6.2 Adenosine triphosphate
6.3 Fuels — chemical and food
6.4 Energy systems characteristics
6.5 The ATP–CP system and recovery
6.6 The anaerobic glycolysis system and recovery
6.7 The aerobic system and recovery
6.8 Energy systems interplay
6.9 Key skills
6.10 Review
7 Muscular fatigue and nutritional and hydration strategies 287
7.1 Overview
7.2 Introduction to fatigue
7.3 Fuel depletion
7.4 Accumulation of metabolic by-products
7.5 Blood lactate and performance
7.6 Thermoregulatory fatigue
7.7 Carbohydrate ingestion and protein
7.8 Nutritional strategies
7.9 Hydration needs of athletes
7.10 Key skills
7.11 Review
UNIT 3 AREA OF STUDY 2 REVIEW 338
UNIT 4 TRAINING TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE
UNIT 4 AREA OF STUDY 1 WHAT ARE THE FOUNDATIONS OF AN EFFECTIVE TRAINING PROGRAM?
8 Fitness components 346
8.1 Overview
8.2 Aerobic power and anaerobic capacity
8.3 Muscular strength, muscular power and muscular endurance
8.4 Speed and agility
8.5 Flexibility, balance and coordination
8.6 Key skills
8.7 Review
9 Activity analysis 382
9.1 Overview
9.2 Data collection from activity analysis
9.3 Skill frequency analysis
9.4 Movement pattern analysis
9.5 Heart rate analysis
9.6 Work-to-rest ratio analysis
9.7 Case study — Netball
9.8 Key skills
9.9 Review
10 Training program planning — assessment of fitness 418
10.1 Overview
10.2 The purpose of fitness testing
10.3 How to conduct fitness testing
10.4 Aerobic power and anaerobic capacity tests
10.5 Muscular strength, muscular power and muscular endurance tests
10.6 Speed and agility tests
10.7 Flexibility tests
10.8 Key skills
10.9 Review
UNIT 4 AREA OF STUDY 1 REVIEW 481
UNIT 4 AREA OF STUDY 2 HOW IS TRAINING IMPLEMENTED EFFECTIVELY TO IMPROVE FITNESS?
11 Training program — planning, implementation and evaluation 486
11.1 Overview
11.2 Designing a training program
11.3 Components of an exercise training session
11.4 Strategies to monitor and record training data
11.5 Analysis and evaluation of training data
11.6 Key skills
11.7 Review
12 Training program principles 530
12.1 Overview
12.2 Specificity, intensity, type and individuality
12.3 Time/duration, frequency and variety
12.4 Progression, overtraining and tapering
12.5 Diminishing returns, detraining and maintenance
12.6 Key skills
12.7 Review
13 Training program methods 571
13.1 Overview
13.2 Continuous, fartlek and interval training
13.3 Weight/resistance and plyometrics training
13.4 Circuit training
13.5 Flexibility training
13.6 Key skills
13.7 Review
14 Chronic adaptations to training 621
14.1 Overview
14.2 Chronic training adaptations: aerobic, anaerobic and resistance training
14.3 Chronic adaptations to aerobic training: respiratory
14.4 Chronic adaptations to aerobic training: cardiovascular
14.5 Chronic adaptations to aerobic training: muscular
14.6 Chronic adaptations to aerobic training: VO2 maximum and lactate inflection point
14.7 Chronic adaptations to anaerobic training: muscular
14.8 Chronic adaptations to resistance training: neuromuscular
14.9 Key skills
14.10 Review
UNIT 4 AREA OF STUDY 2 REVIEW 681
UNIT 4 AREA OF STUDY 3 INTEGRATED MOVEMENT EXPERIENCES
15 Integrated movement experience 688
15.1 Overview
15.2 Case study — Dick Fosbury
15.3 Preparing for your SAC
15.4 Key skills
15.5 Review
UNIT 4 AREA OF STUDY 3 REVIEW
Glossary
Index