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Overview ix
Acknowledgements xi
1 NAPLAN Practice 1
1.1 Overview 1
1.2 NAPLAN Practice 1 2
1.3 NAPLAN Practice 2 7
1.4 NAPLAN Practice 3 13
1.5 Review 20
Answers 21
2 Computation with Integers 23
2.1 Overview 23
2.2 Place Value 24
2.3 Adding and Subtracting Positive Integers 28
2.4 Multiplying and Dividing Positive Integers 33
2.5 Long Division 41
2.6 Rounding and Estimating 45
2.7 Integers on the Number Line 48
2.8 Addition and Subtraction of Integers 53
2.9 Multiplication and Division of Integers 58
2.10 Order of Operations 62
2.11 Review 67
Answers 74
3 Factors, Multiples, Indices and Primes 87
3.1 Overview 87
3.2 Factors and Multiples 88
3.3 Lowest Common Multiple and Highest Common Factor 92
3.4 Index Notation 98
3.5 Prime Numbers and Composite Numbers 101
3.6 Squares and Square Roots 106
3.7 Cubes and Cube Roots 111
3.8 Review 114
Answers 118
4 Fractions 127
4.1 Overview 127
4.2 What are Fractions? 128
5 Geometry 175
5.1 Overview 175
5.2 Types of Angles and Naming Angles 176
5.3 Parallel and Perpendicular Lines 182
5.4 Triangles 190
5.5 Quadrilaterals 201
5.6 Line and Rotational Symmetry 209
5.7 Review 214
Answers 222
6 Decimals 233
6.1 Overview 233
6.2 Place Value and Comparing Decimals 234
6.3 Converting Decimals to Fractions and Fractions to Decimals 240
6.4 Rounding and Repeating Decimals 244
6.5 Adding and Subtracting Decimals 249
6.6 Multiplying Decimals (Including by Multiples of 10) 254
6.7 Dividing Decimals (Including by Multiples of 10) 260
6.8 Review 266
Answers 270
7 Percentages 277
7.1 Overview 277
7.2 Percentages as Fractions 278
7.3 Percentages as Decimals 282
7.4 Fractions and Decimals to Percentages 284
7.5 Finding Percentages of an Amount 289
7.6 One Amount as a Percentage of Another 296
7.7 Common Percentages and Short Cuts 300
7.8 Review 305
8 Algebraic Techniques 317
8.1 Overview 317
8.2 Using Rules 318
8.3 Finding a Formula 323
8.4 Substitution 329
8.5 Terms, Expressions and Equations 336
8.6 Simplifying and the Distributive Law 342
8.7 The Associative and Commutative Laws 348
8.8 Review 350
Answers 357
9 Measurement 367
9.1 Overview 367
9.2 Units of Measurement and Converting Units of Measurement 368
9.3 Reading Scales and Measuring Length 374
9.4 Perimeter 381
9.5 Area 388
9.6 Area of Composite Shapes, Using Addition and Subtraction .401
9.7 Volume 406
9.8 Capacity 416
9.9 Plans and Views 419
9.10 Review 427
Answers 437
10 Probability 447
10.1 Overview 447
10.2 The Language of Chance 448
10.3 The Sample Space 452
10.4 Simple Probability 454
10.5 Using a Table to Show Sample Spaces 459
10.6 Experimenting with Chance 464
10.7 Review 470
Answers 475
11 Equations 483
11.1 Overview 483
11.2 Solving Equations Using Trial and Error 484
11.3 Building up Expressions 489
11.4 Solving Equations Using Backtracking 494
11.5 Keeping Equations Balanced 499
11.6 Checking Solutions 505
11.7 Review 509
Answers 513
12 Representing and Interpreting Data 519
12.1 Overview 519
12.2 Classifying Data 520
12.3 Displaying Data in Tables 522
12.4 Measures of Centre and Spread 527
12.5 Representing Data Graphically 1 535
12.6 Representing Data Graphically 2 544
12.7 Comparing Data 555
12.8 Review 559
Answers 566
Glossary 579
Index 585