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How to use the Jacaranda Humanities Alive resource suite vi
Acknowledgements ix
1 Geographical skills and concepts 1
1.1 Overview 1
1.2 Work and careers in Geography 2
1.3 Concepts and skills used in Geography 3
1.4 Review
Unit 1 Landforms and Landscapes 13
2 Introducing landforms and landscapes 14
2.1 Overview 14
2.2 Different types of landscapes 15
2.3 SkillBuilder: Recognising land features
2.4 The processes that shape landscapes 18
2.5 Underground landscapes 24
2.6 Australian landforms 27
2.7 Landforms of the Pacific 33
2.8 SkillBuilder: Using positional language
2.9 Cultural significance of landscapes 37
2.10 Preserving and managing landscapes 42
2.11 Thinking Big research project: Karst landscape virtual tour
2.12 Review
3 Landscapes formed by water 47
3.1 Overview 47
3.2 Landscapes formed by water 48
3.3 Coastal erosion 50
3.4 Which coastal landforms are created by deposition? 53
3.5 Managing coasts 56
3.6 Indigenous use of coastal environments 59
3.7 Comparing coastal landforms 60
3.8 How do I undertake coastal fieldwork? 62
3.9 SkillBuilder: Constructing a field sketch
3.10 How does water form river landscapes? 65
3.11 Managing river landscapes 69
3.12 Landscapes formed by ice 72
3.13 SkillBuilder: Reading contour lines on a map
3.14 Thinking Big research project: Coastal erosion animation
3.15 Review
4 Desert landscapes 78
4.1 Overview 78
4.2 What is a desert? 79
4.3 SkillBuilder: Using latitude and longitude
4.4 How the climate forms deserts 82
4.5 The processes that shape desert landforms 87
4.6 Characteristics of Australia’s deserts 91
4.7 SkillBuilder: Calculating distance using scale
4.8 How did Lake Mungo become dry? 94
4.9 How people use deserts 97
4.10 Antarctica a cold desert 99
4.11 Thinking Big research project: Desert travel brochure
4.12 Review
5 Mountain landscapes 107
5.1 Overview 107
5.2 How mountains are formed 108
5.3 The world’s mountains and ranges 116
5.4 SkillBuilder: Drawing simple cross-sections
5.5 How people use mountains 120
5.6 Earthquakes and tsunamis 123
5.7 Volcanic mountains 136
5.8 SkillBuilder: Interpreting an aerial photo
5.9 How do volcanic eruptions affect people? 143
5.10 Thinking Big research project: Earthquakes feature article
5.11 Review
6 Rainforest landscapes 150
6.1 Overview 150
6.2 Rainforest characteristics 151
6.3 SkillBuilder: Creating and describing complex overlay maps
6.4 Changing rainforest environments 156
6.5 SkillBuilder: Drawing a précis map
6.6 Indigenous peoples and the rainforest 163
6.7 Disappearing rainforests 167
6.8 Social and environmental impacts of deforestation 169
6.9 Saving and preserving rainforests 174
6.10 Thinking Big research project: Rainforest display
6.11 Review
Unit 2 Changing Nations 180
7 Urbanisation and people on the move 181
7.1 Overview 181
7.2 Urbanisation around the world 182
7.3 Australian urbanisation 184
7.4 SkillBuilder: Understanding thematic maps
7.5 Comparing urbanisation in the United States and Australia 194
7.6 Effects of international migration on Australia 198
7.7 SkillBuilder: Creating and reading pictographs
7.8 People on the move in Australia and China 206
7.9 SkillBuilder: Comparing population profiles
7.10 Thinking Big research project: Multicultural Australia photo essay
7.11 Review
8 Our changing urban world 214
8.1 Overview 214
8.2 Urban areas and their effects on people 215
8.3 SkillBuilder: Describing photographs
8.4 Cities and megacities of the world 224
8.5 Causes and effects of Indonesia’s urban growth 230
8.6 SkillBuilder: Creating and reading compound bar graphs
8.7 Characteristics of cities around the world 235
8.8 Creating sustainable cities 245
8.9 Sustainable cities in Australia 249
8.10 SkillBuilder: Constructing a basic sketch map
8.11 Thinking Big research project: One day in Jakarta, one day in New York City
8.12 Review
9 Managing and planning Australia’s urban future 257
9.1 Overview 257
9.2 Characteristics of sustainable cities 258
9.3 Sustainability of growing urban communities 260
9.4 SkillBuilder: Reading and describing basic choropleth maps
9.5 Managing our suburbs 264
9.6 Managing traffic 267
9.7 SkillBuilder: Drawing a line graph using Excel
9.8 Sustainable cities 273
9.9 Planning for a sustainable and liveable future 278
9.10 Thinking Big research project: Electric vehicle report
9.11 Review
Glossary 285
Index 288