Jacaranda Geography Alive 10 Victorian Curriculum 2E LearnON and Print

How to use the Jacaranda Geography Alive resource suite vi

Acknowledgements ix

1 Geographical skills and concepts 1

1.1 Overview 1

1.2 Work and careers in Geography 2

1.3 Concepts and skills used in Geography 6

1.4 Review

Unit 1 Environmental Change and Management 14

2 Introducing environmental change and management 15

2.1 Overview 15

2.2 Interacting with the environment 16

2.3 SkillBuilder: Evaluating alternative responses

2.4 Is climate change heating the Earth? 22

2.5 Tackling climate change 25

2.6 Is Australia’s climate changing? 32

2.7 SkillBuilder: Drawing a futures wheel

2.8 Thinking Big research project: Wacky weather presentation

2.9 Review

3 Land environments under threat 39

3.1 Overview 39

3.2 The causes and impacts of land degradation 40

3.3 SkillBuilder: Interpreting a complex block diagram

3.4 Managing land degradation 48

3.5 Environmental change and salinity 54

3.6 Desertification: the drylands are spreading 61

3.7 Introduced species and land degradation 68

3.8 Native species and environmental change 74

3.9 Indigenous communities and sustainable land management 78

3.10 SkillBuilder: Writing a fieldwork report as an annotated visual display (AVD)

3.11 Thinking Big research project: Invasive species Wanted! poster

3.12 Review

4 Inland water — dammed, diverted and drained 85

4.1 Overview 85

4.2 Wet and wonderful — inland water 86

4.3 Damming rivers — the pros and cons 89

4.4 Alternatives to damming 95

4.5 SkillBuilder: Creating a fishbone diagram

4.6 Using our groundwater reserves 99

4.7 The impacts of drainage and diversion 106

4.8 SkillBuilder: Reading topographic maps at an advanced level

4.9 Putting water back — managing the Murray–Darling 112

4.10 Thinking Big research project: Menindee Lakes murder! news report

4.11 Review

5 Managing change in coastal environments 117

5.1 Overview 117

5.2 Understanding coastal landscapes 118

5.3 Challenges to coastal management 126

5.4 How do we manage coastal change? 136

5.5 SkillBuilder: Comparing aerial photographs to investigate spatial change over time

5.6 SkillBuilder: Comparing an aerial photograph and a topographic map

5.7 Thinking Big research project: Ecology action newsletter — Reef rescue

5.8 Review

6 Marine environments — are we trashing our oceans? 147

6.1 Overview 147

6.2 Motion in the ocean 148

6.3 Travelling trash — marine pollution and debris 150

6.4 Cleaning up our mess 158

6.5 SkillBuilder: Using geographic information systems (GIS)

6.6 Oil and water — a toxic mix 165

6.7 SkillBuilder: Describing change over time

6.8 Thinking Big research project: ‘Plastic not-so-fantastic’ media campaign

6.9 Review

7 Sustaining urban environments 176

7.1 Overview 176

7.2 Cities’ impact on the environment 177

7.3 The development of urban environments 179

7.4 Case studies in urban growth: Melbourne and Mumbai 183

7.5 SkillBuilder: Constructing a land use map

7.6 SkillBuilder: Building a map with geographic information systems (GIS)

7.7 Factors in urban decline 192

7.8 Future challenges for sustainable urban environments 196

7.9 Thinking Big research project: Slum improvement proposal

7.10 Review

Geographical inquiry: Developing an environmental management plan

Unit 2 Geographies of Human Wellbeing 202

8 Measuring and improving wellbeing 203

8.1 Overview 203

8.2 Understanding and measuring wellbeing 204

8.3 SkillBuilder: Constructing and interpreting a scattergraph

8.4 Wealth and wellbeing 210

8.5 SkillBuilder: Interpreting a cartogram

8.6 Improving wellbeing 213

8.7 The way forward 216

8.8 The importance of human rights 222

8.9 Thinking Big research project: SDG progress infographic

8.10 Review .

9 Global variations in human wellbeing 229

9.1 Overview 229

9.2 Global population distribution 230

9.3 Life expectancy and wellbeing 233

9.4 The link between population growth and wellbeing 238

9.5 Government responses to population and wellbeing issues 241

9.6 SkillBuilder: Using Excel to construct population profiles

9.7 Variations in wellbeing in India 244

9.8 Population characteristics of Australia 247

9.9 SkillBuilder: How to develop a structured and ethical approach to research

9.10 Health and wellbeing 251

9.11 Thinking Big research project: UN report — Global wellbeing comparison

9.12 Review

10 Factors affecting human wellbeing 258

10.1 Overview 258

10.2 Gender as a factor in wellbeing 259

10.3 Poverty as a factor in wellbeing 264

10.4 Rural–urban wellbeing variation in Australia 270

10.5 Indigenous wellbeing in Australia 277

10.6 SkillBuilder: Understanding policies and strategies

10.7 SkillBuilder: Using multiple data formats

10.8 Thinking Big research project: Improving wellbeing in a low-HDI ranked country

10.9 Review

11 The impact of conflict on human wellbeing 285

11.1 Overview 285

11.2 Conflict across the world 286

11.3 Land conflict and human wellbeing 289

11.4 Minerals, wealth and wellbeing 292

11.5 Fleeing conflict 296

11.6 Case Study: Syria — the impact of conflict on wellbeing 299

11.7 Seeking refuge 304

11.8 Providing assistance for global human wellbeing 308

11.9 SkillBuilder: Debating like a geographer

11.10 SkillBuilder: Writing a geographical essay

11.11 Thinking Big research project: The displaced Rohingya children

11.12 Review

Fieldwork inquiry: Comparing wellbeing in the local area

Glossary 315

Index 320